List of subjects in Gray's Anatomy: VII. The Veins

Contents 1 Introduction (Gray's s164) 1.1 Gray's page #641 2 the pulmonary veins (Gray's s165) 2.1 Gray's page #642 2.2 the veins of the heart (Gray's s166) 2.2.1 Gray's page #642 2.2.2 Gray's page #643 2.2.3 the veins of the exterior of the head and face (Gray's s167) 2.2.3.1 Gray's page #644 2.2.3.2 Gray's page #645 2.2.3.3 Gray's page #646 2.2.4 the veins of the neck (Gray's s168) 2.2.4.1 Gray's page #646 2.2.4.2 Gray's page #647 2.2.4.3 Gray's page #648 2.2.4.4 Gray's page #649 2.2.4.5 Gray's page #651 2.2.5 the diploic veins (Gray's s169) 2.2.5.1 Gray's page #651 2.2.6 the veins of the brain (Gray's s170) 2.2.6.1 Gray's page #652 2.2.6.2 Gray's page #653 2.2.7 the sinuses of the dura mater, ophthalmic veins and emissary veins (Gray's s171) 2.2.7.1 Gray's page #654 2.2.7.2 Gray's page #655 2.2.7.3 Gray's page #657 2.2.7.4 Gray's page #658 2.2.7.5 Gray's page #659 2.2.7.6 Gray's page #660 2.3 the veins of the upper extremity and thorax (Gray's s172) 2.3.1 Superficial veins of the Upper extremity 2.3.1.1 Gray's page #660 2.3.1.2 Gray's page #661 2.3.1.3 Gray's page #662 2.3.2 Deep veins of the Upper extremity 2.3.2.1 Gray's page #663 2.3.2.2 Gray's page #664 2.3.3 Veins of the Thorax 2.3.3.1 Gray's page #664 2.3.3.2 Gray's page #666 2.3.3.3 Gray's page #667 2.3.4 Veins of the Vertebral column 2.3.4.1 Gray's page #668 2.3.4.2 Gray's page #669 2.4 the veins of the lower extremity, abdomen, and pelvis (Gray's s173) 2.4.1 Superficial veins of the Lower extremity 2.4.1.1 Gray's page #669 2.4.1.2 Gray's page #670 2.4.2 Deep veins of the Lower extremity 2.4.2.1 Gray's page #671 2.4.2.2 Gray's page #672 2.4.3 External iliac vein 2.4.3.1 Gray's page #672 2.4.3.2 Gray's page #673 2.4.4 Internal iliac vein 2.4.4.1 Gray's page #673 2.4.4.2 Gray's page #674 2.4.4.3 Gray's page #676 2.4.4.4 Gray's page #677 2.4.5 Common iliac veins 2.4.5.1 Gray's page #677 2.4.6 Inferior vena cava 2.4.6.1 Gray's page #677 2.4.6.2 Gray's page #678 2.4.6.3 Gray's page #679 3 the portal system of veins (Gray's s174) 3.1 Gray's page #680 3.2 Gray's page #681 3.3 Gray's page #682 4 See also

Introduction (Gray's s164)

Gray's page #641

• Superficial veins (cutaneous veins)
• Deep veins
• Venæ comitantes
• Venous sinuses

the pulmonary veins (Gray's s165)

Gray's page #642

• pulmonary veins

the veins of the heart (Gray's s166)

Gray's page #642

• Coronary sinus (sinus coronarius)
  • valve of the coronary sinus (valve of Thebesius)
  • Great cardiac vein (v. cordis magna; left coronary vein)
    • left marginal vein
  • Small cardiac vein (v. cordis parva; right coronary vein)
    • right marginal vein

Gray's page #643

• Coronary sinus (sinus coronarius)
  • Middle cardiac vein (v. cordis media)
  • Posterior vein of the left ventricle (v. posterior ventriculi sinistri)
  • Oblique vein of the left atrium (v. obliqua atrii sinistri; oblique vein of Marshall)
    • ligament of the left vena cava (lig. venæ cavæ sinistræ vestigial fold of Marshall)
• not ending in the coronary sinus
  • anterior cardiac veins
  • smallest cardiac veins (veins of Thebesius)

the veins of the exterior of the head and face (Gray's s167)

Gray's page #644

• frontal vein (v. frontalis)
  • nasal arch

Gray's page #645

• supraorbital vein (v. supraorbitalis)
• angular vein (v. angularis)
• anterior facial vein (v. facialis anterior; facial vein)
  • common facial vein
  • deep facial vein
• superficial temporal vein (v. temporalis superficialis)
  • middle temporal vein
  • posterior facial vein
  • transverse facial
  • orbital vein
  • pterygoid plexus (plexus pterygoideus)

Gray's page #646

• internal maxillary vein (v. maxillaris interna)
• posterior facial vein (v. facialis posterior; temporomaxillary vein)
• posterior auricular vein (v. auricularis posterior)
• occipital vein (v. occipitalis)

the veins of the neck (Gray's s168)

Gray's page #646

• external jugular vein (v. jugularis externa)

Gray's page #647

• external jugular vein (v. jugularis externa)
  • sinus
• posterior external jugular vein (v. jugularis posterior)
• anterior jugular vein (v. jugularis anterior)

Gray's page #648

• anterior jugular vein (v. jugularis anterior)
  • venous jugular arch
• internal jugular vein (v. jugularis interna)
  • superior bulb
  • inferior bulb
  • Inferior petrosal sinus (sinus petrosus inferior)
  • Lingual veins (vv. linguales)
  • ranine vein

Gray's page #649

• internal jugular vein (v. jugularis interna)
  • Pharyngeal veins (vv. pharyngeæ)
  • Superior thyroid vein (v. thyreoidea superioris)
  • Middle thyroid vein
• vertebral vein (v. vertebralis)

Gray's page #651

• vertebral vein (v. vertebralis)
  • Anterior vertebral vein
• Deep cervical vein (v. cervicalis profunda; posterior vertebral or posterior deep cervical vein)

the diploic veins (Gray's s169)

Gray's page #651

• diploic veins

the veins of the brain (Gray's s170)

Gray's page #652

• cerebral veins (vv. cerebri)
  • external veins
  • Superior cerebral veins (vv. cerebri superiores)
  • Middle cerebral vein (v. cerebri media; superficial Sylvian vein)
    • great anastomotic vein of Trolard
    • posterior anastomotic vein of Labbé
  • Inferior cerebral veins (vv. cerebri inferiores)

Gray's page #653

• cerebral veins (vv. cerebri)
  • basal vein
    • anterior cerebral vein
    • deep middle cerebral vein (deep Sylvian vein)
    • inferior striate veins
  • Internal cerebral veins (vv. cerebri internæ; veins of Galen; deep cerebral veins)
    • terminal vein and choroid vein
    • great cerebral vein
  • terminal vein (v. terminalis; vena corporis striati)
    • choroid vein
  • Great cerebral vein (v. cerebri magna; great vein of Galen)
• cerebellar veins
  • superior cerebellar veins (vv. cerebelli superiores)
  • inferior cerebellar veins (vv. cerebelli inferiores)

the sinuses of the dura mater, ophthalmic veins and emissary veins (Gray's s171)

Gray's page #654

• sinuses of the dura mater (Sinus durae matris)
• postero-superior group
  • superior sagittal sinus (sinus sagittalis superior; superior longitudinal sinus)

Gray's page #655

• postero-superior group
  • superior sagittal sinus (sinus sagittalis superior; superior longitudinal sinus)
    • chordae Willisii
    • venous lacunae
    • arachnoid granulations
  • inferior sagittal sinus (sinus sagittalis inferior; inferior longitudinal sinus)
  • straight sinus (sinus rectus; tentorial sinus)

Gray's page #657

• postero-superior group
  • transverse sinuses (sinus transversus; lateral sinuses)
    • sigmoid sinus

Gray's page #658

• postero-superior group
  • transverse sinuses (sinus transversus; lateral sinuses)
    • petrosquamous sinus
  • occipital sinus (sinus occipitalis)
  • Confluence of the sinuses (confluens sinuum; torcular Herophili)
• antero-inferior group
  • cavernous sinuses (sinus cavernosus)
    • sphenoparietal sinus
  • ophthalmic veins (Vena ophthalmica)

Gray's page #659

• antero-inferior group
  • ophthalmic veins (Vena ophthalmica)
    • Superior ophthalmic vein (v. ophthalmica superior)
      • nasofrontal vein
    • Inferior ophthalmic vein (v. ophthalmica inferior)
  • intercavernous sinuses (sini intercavernosi)
    • circular sinus
  • superior petrosal sinus (sinus petrosus superior)
  • inferior petrosal sinus (sinus petrosus inferior)

Gray's page #660

• basilar plexus
• Emissary veins (emissaria)

the veins of the upper extremity and thorax (Gray's s172)

Superficial veins of the Upper extremity

Gray's page #660

• Digital veins
  • dorsal digital veins
  • dorsal metacarpal veins

Gray's page #661

• volar digital veins
• intercapitular veins
• cephalic vein
• vena mediana cubiti (median basilic vein)

Gray's page #662

• accessory cephalic vein (v. cephalica accessoria)
• basilic vein (v. basilica)
• median antibrachial vein (v. mediana antibrachii)

Deep veins of the Upper extremity

Gray's page #663

• Deep veins of the Hand
  • superficial and deep volar venous arch
  • common volar digital veins
  • proper volar digital veins
  • volar metacarpal veins
  • dorsal metacarpal veins
• deep veins of the forearm
  • radial veins
  • ulnar veins
• brachial veins (vv. brachiales)
• axillary vein (v. axillaris)

Gray's page #664

• subclavian vein (v. subclavia)

Veins of the Thorax

Gray's page #664

• innominate veins (vv. anonymæ; brachiocephalic veins)
  • Right innominate vein (v. anonyma dextra)

Gray's page #666

• innominate veins (vv. anonymæ; brachiocephalic veins)
  • Left innominate vein (v. anonyma sinistra)
    • internal mammary veins (vv. mammariæ internæ, Internal thoracic vein)
    • superior phrenic vein
    • inferior thyroid veins (vv. thyreoideæ inferiores)
    • highest intercostal vein (v. intercostalis suprema; superior intercostal veins)
• superior vena cava (v. cava superior)

Gray's page #667

• azygos vein (v. azygos; vena azygos major)
  • ascending lumbar vein
• intercostal veins on the left side
  • Hemiazygos vein (v. hemiazygos; vena azygos minor inferior)
  • Accessory hemiazygos vein (v. hemiazygos accessoria; vena azygos minor superior)
  • Bronchial veins (vv. bronchiales)

Veins of the Vertebral column

Gray's page #668

• external vertebral venous plexuses (plexus venosi vertebrales externi; extraspinal veins)
  • anterior external plexuses
  • posterior external plexuses
• internal vertebral venous plexuses (plexus venosi vertebrales interni; intraspinal veins)
  • anterior internal plexuses
  • posterior internal plexuses
  • venous rings (retia venosa vertebrarum)
• basivertebral veins (vv. basivertebrales)

Gray's page #669

• intervertebral veins (vv. intervertebrales)
• veins of the medulla spinalis (vv. spinales; veins of the spinal cord)

the veins of the lower extremity, abdomen, and pelvis (Gray's s173)

Superficial veins of the Lower extremity

Gray's page #669

• dorsum of the foot
  • dorsal digital veins
  • intercapitular veins
  • common digital veins
  • dorsal venous arch
  • medial and a lateral marginal vein
• sole of the foot
  • plantar cutaneous venous arch
  • plantar cutaneous venous net-work
• great saphenous vein (v. saphena magna; internal or long saphenous vein)

Gray's page #670

• accessory saphenous vein
• thoracoepigastric vein
• small saphenous vein (v. saphena parva; external or short saphenous vein)

Deep veins of the Lower extremity

Gray's page #671

• plantar digital veins (vv. digitales plantares)
  • intercapitular veins

Gray's page #672

• plantar digital veins (vv. digitales plantares)
  • metatarsal veins
  • deep plantar venous arch
  • medial plantar vein and lateral plantar vein
• posterior tibial veins (vv. tibiales posteriores)
  • peroneal veins
• anterior tibial veins (vv. tibiales anteriores)
• Popliteal vein (v. poplitea)
• femoral vein (v. femoralis)
• Deep femoral vein (v. profunda femoris)

External iliac vein

Gray's page #672

• external iliac vein (v. iliaca externa)
  • Inferior epigastric vein (v. epigastrica inferior; deep epigastric vein)

Gray's page #673

• external iliac vein (v. iliaca externa)
  • Deep iliac circumflex vein (v. circumflexa ilium profunda)
  • Pubic vein

Internal iliac vein

Gray's page #673

• hypogastric vein (v. hypogastrica; internal iliac vein)

Gray's page #674

• Tributaries of hypogastric vein
  • Superior gluteal veins (vv. glutaeæ superiores; gluteal veins)
  • Inferior gluteal veins (vv. glutaeæ inferiores; sciatic veins)
  • Internal pudendal veins (internal pudic veins)

Gray's page #676

• Tributaries of hypogastric vein
  • Obturator vein (v. obturatoria)
  • Lateral sacral veins (vv. sacrales laterales)
  • Middle hemorrhoidal vein (v. hæmorrhoidalis media)
• hemorrhoidal plexus (plexus hæmorrhoidalis)
• pudendal plexus (plexus pudendalis; vesicoprostatic plexus)
  • prostatic veins
  • prostatic plexus
• vesical plexus (plexus vesicalis)
• Dorsal veins of the penis (vv. dorsales penis)
• uterine plexuses

Gray's page #677

• vaginal plexuses

Common iliac veins

Gray's page #677

• common iliac veins (vv. iliacæ communes)
  • right common iliac
  • left common iliac
• Middle sacral veins (vv. sacrales mediales)

Inferior vena cava

Gray's page #677

• inferior vena cava (v. cava inferior)

Gray's page #678

• inferior vena cava (v. cava inferior)
  • valve of the inferior vena cava
• right phrenicopericardiac ligament
• Tributaries of inferior vena cava
  • Lumbar veins (vv. lumbales)
    • ascending lumbar
  • Spermatic veins (vv. spermaticæ)
    • pampiniform plexus

Gray's page #679

• Tributaries of inferior vena cava
  • Ovarian veins (vv. ovaricæ)
  • Renal veins (vv. renales)
  • Suprarenal veins (vv. suprarenales)
  • Inferior phrenic veins (vv. phrenicæ inferiores)
  • Hepatic veins (vv. hepaticæ)

the portal system of veins (Gray's s174)

Gray's page #680

• portal system
• sinusoids

Gray's page #681

• portal vein (vena portæ)
• ligamentum teres (obliterated umbilical vein)
• ligamentum venosum (obliterated ductus venosus)
• tributaries of the portal vein
  • Lienal vein (v. lienalis; splenic vein)
    • short gastric veins (vv. gastricæ breves)
    • left gastroepiploic vein (v. gastroepiploica sinistra)
    • pancreatic veins (vv. pancreaticæ)
    • inferior mesenteric vein (v. mesenterica inferior)
    • superior hemorrhoidal vein

Gray's page #682

• tributaries of the portal vein
  • Lienal vein (v. lienalis; splenic vein)
    • sigmoid veins
  • Superior mesenteric vein (v. mesenterica superior)
    • right gastroepiploic vein (v. gastroepiploica dextra)
    • pancreaticoduodenal veins (vv. pancreaticoduodenales)
  • Coronary vein (v. coronaria ventriculi; gastric vein)
  • Pyloric vein
  • Cystic vein (v. cystica)
  • Parumbilical veins (vv. parumbilicales)

See also

• List of images and subjects in Gray's Anatomy
• List of images in Gray's Anatomy: VII. The Veins

Circulatory system: Arteries and veins (TA A12.0, TH H3.09.02, GA 6.543/GA 7.641) Systemic circulation (Left heart) → Aorta → Arteries → Arterioles → Capillaries → Venules → Veins → Vena cava → (Right heart) Pulmonary circulation (Right heart) → Pulmonary arteries → (Lungs) → Pulmonary vein → (Left heart) Blood vessels Endothelium · Tunica intima · Tunica media · Tunica externa Vasa vasorum · Vasa nervorum Rete mirabile · Circulatory anastomosis Arteries Nutrient artery · Arteriole Veins Vena comitans · Superficial vein · Deep vein · Emissary veins · Venous plexus · Venule Lymphatic Lymphatic vessel · Lymph · Lymph capillary M: VAS anat(a:h/u/t/a/l,v:h/u/t/a/l)/phys/devp/cell/prot noco/syva/cong/lyvd/tumr, sysi/epon, injr proc, drug(C2s+n/3/4/5/7/8/9)

Veins (emissary, jugular and others) of head and neck (drainage patterns can vary) (TA A12.3.04–06, GA 7.644) External jugular Retromandibular maxillary (pterygoid plexus) · superficial temporal (anterior auricular) Direct posterior auricular transverse cervical · suprascapular · anterior jugular (jugular venous arch) Internal jugular Diploic/brain Cerebral Superficial cerebral veins: superior · superficial middle · inferior  · inferior anastomotic (Labbé)  · superior anastomotic (Trolard) Deep cerebral veins: great · internal (basal, deep middle, superior thalamostriate) Cerebellar superior · inferior Sinuses To COS superior sagittal · straight (inferior sagittal) · occipital To CS sphenoparietal · intercavernous superior ophthalmic (ethmoidal, central retinal, nasofrontal, vorticose veins) · inferior ophthalmic To IJV sigmoid: transverse (petrosquamous) · superior petrosal inferior petrosal (basilar plexus, internal auditory veins) · condylar Facial/common facial frontal · supraorbital · angular · superior labial · inferior labial · deep facial Direct lingual (dorsal lingual, deep lingual, sublingual) · pharyngeal · superior thyroid (superior laryngeal) · middle thyroid Brachiocephalic Vertebral occipital (occipital emissary) · suboccipital venous plexus deep cervical Direct inferior thyroid (inferior laryngeal) · thymic M: VAS anat(a:h/u/t/a/l,v:h/u/t/a/l)/phys/devp/cell/prot noco/syva/cong/lyvd/tumr, sysi/epon, injr proc, drug(C2s+n/3/4/5/7/8/9)

Veins of upper limbs (TA A12.3.08, GA 7.660) General Subscapular · Axillary · Circumflex scapular Superficial arm: Cephalic (Accessory cephalic) · Median cubital · Basilic · Median antebrachial hand/forearm: Dorsal network (Intercapitular, Dorsal metacarpal) · Superficial palmar arch (Palmar digital) Deep arm: Radial · Ulnar · Brachial hand/forearm: Deep palmar arch (Palmar metacarpal) M: VAS anat(a:h/u/t/a/l,v:h/u/t/a/l)/phys/devp/cell/prot noco/syva/cong/lyvd/tumr, sysi/epon, injr proc, drug(C2s+n/3/4/5/7/8/9)

Veins of the thorax and vertebral column (TA A12.3.01–04, 07, GA 7.664) Thorax Coronary Coronary sinus Great cardiac (Left marginal) · Posterior of the left ventricle · Oblique of the left atrium (Ligament of the left vena cava) · Middle cardiac Small cardiac vein Anterior cardiac (Right marginal) Smallest cardiac veins Right atrial veins · Right ventricular veins Pulmonary right inferior pulmonary vein · right superior pulmonary vein · left inferior pulmonary vein · left superior pulmonary vein SVC Brachiocephalic internal thoracic (anterior intercostal, superior epigastric) · left superior intercostal · supreme · vertebral · subclavian (axillary: lateral thoracic, thoracoepigastric, dorsal scapular, external jugular) · pericardiacophrenic · internal jugular Azygos right superior intercostal · bronchial · intercostal/posterior intercostal 5-11 · accessory hemiazygos/hemiazygos · superior phrenic Vertebral column vertebral venous plexuses (external, internal) · spinal (posterior, anterior) · basivertebral · intervertebral M: VAS anat(a:h/u/t/a/l,v:h/u/t/a/l)/phys/devp/cell/prot noco/syva/cong/lyvd/tumr, sysi/epon, injr proc, drug(C2s+n/3/4/5/7/8/9)

Veins of lower limbs (TA A12.3.11, GA 7.669) thigh femoral · profunda femoris · popliteal deep leg fibular · anterior tibial · posterior tibial superficial leg small saphenous · great saphenous (external pudendal, superficial of penis ♂/clitoris ♀) foot dorsal arch · dorsal metatarsal · dorsal digital · plantar arch · plantar metatarsal · common digital · plantar digital M: VAS anat(a:h/u/t/a/l,v:h/u/t/a/l)/phys/devp/cell/prot noco/syva/cong/lyvd/tumr, sysi/epon, injr proc, drug(C2s+n/3/4/5/7/8/9)

Veins of the abdomen and pelvis (TA A12.3.09–10, 12, GA 7.672) To azygos system ascending lumbar (subcostal) IVC (Systemic) To IVC or left renal vein inferior phrenic · hepatic (central veins of liver, liver sinusoid) · suprarenal · renal · gonadal (ovarian ♀/testicular ♂, pampiniform plexus ♂) · lumbar · common iliac Common iliac Unpaired median sacral vein Internal iliac posterior: iliolumbar · superior gluteal · lateral sacral anterior: inferior gluteal · obturator · uterine ♀ (uterine plexus ♀) · vesical (vesical plexus, prostatic plexus ♂, deep of penis ♂/clitoris ♀, posterior scrotal ♂/labial ♀) · vaginal plexus/vein ♀ · middle rectal · internal pudendal (inferior rectal, bulb of penis ♂/vestibule ♀) · rectal plexus External iliac inferior epigastric · deep circumflex iliac vein Portal vein (Portal) Splenic short gastric · left gastroepiploic · pancreatic · inferior mesenteric (superior rectal, left colic) Superior mesenteric right gastroepiploic · pancreaticoduodenal · jejunal · ileal · middle colic · right colic · ileocolic (appendicular) Direct cystic · left gastric/esophageal · right gastric · paraumbilical M: VAS anat(a:h/u/t/a/l,v:h/u/t/a/l)/phys/devp/cell/prot noco/syva/cong/lyvd/tumr, sysi/epon, injr proc, drug(C2s+n/3/4/5/7/8/9)